Author Archives: Nancy Petro

Update on Wisconsin Innocence Project Case: The Rape that Wasn’t

Jarrett Adams was 17 years old when he was accused of rape. Never having been in trouble with the law, he and his family trusted their court-appointed lawyer who advised him to take a “no defense strategy.” This prevented Jarrett from calling the one witness whose testimony would have likely prevented his conviction.

report on the case by (Wisconsin) Law School News, submitted on August 8, 2012, includes an excellent video featuring both Adams and his attorney. It’s a study in how accusations can stick even with very thin evidence. It also Continue reading

Decision to Grant New Trial in Arson Case Stands

Kristine Bunch, who has spent 16 years of a 60-year sentence in prison after being convicted of murder and arson in the mobile home fire that took her young son, is “a step closer to freedom,” said Rob Warden, Executive Director of the Center on Wrongful Conviction (CWC) at Northwestern Law. On Wednesday, the Indiana Supreme Court denied the prosecution’s request to review an Indiana Court of Appeals decision to reverse and remand the case for a new trial. The Appeals Court’s decision was based in part on new science that has discredited older arson theory utilized in this and other cases.

The defense argued that fuel could not have been used, that other possible causes of the fire were not adequately considered, and that a lab report that was Continue reading

Study: Why Mentally Disabled at Higher Risk of Giving False Confessions

It has long been known that people with mental disabilities are more vulnerable to giving a false confession. As reported in the Durango Herald (Colorado) here, a 2008 study revealed “53 cases of serious felonies to which people with intellectual disabilities confessed and were later legally exonerated.” DNA and other proof of innocence sometimes came after years of imprisonment.

One example: a man with an IQ of 56 confessed to the murders of six women and served 22 years before DNA excluded him as the perpetrator.

The article explains, “People with intellectual Continue reading

Texas to Review Arson Convictions

How many innocent persons have been convicted of arson on now-discredited forensic arson theory? Texas may provide an indication. As reported earlier today by Mark Godsey here and in the Star-Telegram here, the Texas Forensic Science Commission has asked the Texas Innocence Project (TIP) to work with the State Fire Marshall’s Office to identify potential wrongful convictions that relied on debunked arson theory. Jeff Blackburn, chief counsel for the TIP is estimating that by spring of 2013, 10-15 cases will be identified for close Continue reading

Feds Say Five Persons Convicted of 1995 Murders are Innocent

According to a New York Times article here, federal authorities have concluded that five persons imprisoned for two 1995 murders, including that of New York cab driver Baithe Diop, are innocent. The four men and a woman were convicted of the murders, which at the time were said to be related by prosecutors who prevailed at trial and in appeals. The convictions came into question when Eric Glisson, one of the convicted men, wrote a letter to federal prosecutors stating that he was innocent, and he had heard that one of the murders was committed by a Bronx narcotics gang.

His story gelled with confessions given independently to a federal agent in 2003  by two of the gang’s former members, who were seeking to work a deal. The Times reported that the U.S. Attorney’s office shared the results of its subsequent thorough review of the case to the Bronx district attorney’s office.

Bronx District Attorney Robert T. Johnson indicated on Thursday that his office had not yet been able “to resolve all of the questions that have been raised by this evidence.” Attorneys for the convicted persons are expected to file papers requesting a vacation of the verdicts.

Discredited Arson Theories Open Prison Doors to New World

David Gavitt, 54, is thankful Michigan doesn’t have a death penalty. He’s trying to come to grips with his newfound freedom. Convicted of arson in the fire that took his wife and two daughters, Gavitt spent 16 years in prison and always proclaimed his innocence. Mark Godsey reported on this case earlier here. A follow-up article here updates Gavitt’s efforts to cope with his loss and a world that has changed dramatically.

Gavitt’s conviction was based on expert testimony that has now been discredited. New technology could not find the presence of alleged Continue reading

Wrongfully Convicted Man Charged with Attempted Murder

Alan Crotzer and another man were convicted in 1982 of robbery and the rape of a mother and her 12-year-old daughter. Both men were sentenced to 130 years. DNA testing later proved that Crotzer, who had claimed innocence, was not the rapist, and another convicted of the crime admitted Crotzer wasn’t involved. In 2006 a Hillsborough (FL) Circuit judge threw out his conviction. Wrongly incarcerated for 24 years, Crotzer received a $1.25 million settlement from the state of Florida with strong bipartisan legislative support. Last Sunday Crotzer was arrested and charged with attempted murder.

Antoine Davis, an acquaintance with whom Crotzer had argued months earlier, accused Crotzer of shooting at him through an open car window while driving alongside his car, both moving at 40 mph. Davis was wounded. Crotzer was Continue reading

The Perfect Storm of Wrongful Convictions

The video of William Dillon, 52, singing the national anthem for the Tampa Bay Rays swept the Internet. He was invited to do the opening honors, including throwing the first pitch, because, of course, he could sing. But in doing so, he delivered another powerful message. As is often the case, Dillon, who spent more than 27 years in prison for a crime he did not commit, refuses to let bitterness ruin his newfound freedom. He accepted the invitation to sing about the land of the free and the home of the brave because his love of country—and the promise of America—has never wavered.

“Words cannot even explain how I feel,” he said just  prior to singing (see Tampa Bay Times report and video). “It is so emotional and so deep-ingrained in my Continue reading

Former Supreme Court Justice’s Work for Wrongfully Convicted Sheds Light on Justice

Among the many misconceptions about the criminal justice system revealed through DNA exonerations is the myth that conviction errors will get corrected on appeal.  The Innocence Project now lists 292 DNA-proven wrongful convictions. Many of these unfortunate people had exhausted a lengthy appeals process before DNA finally proved their innocence. Former New Jersey Supreme Court Justice Virginia Long, who has committed to working for the wrongfully convicted, recently provided insights into why the courts do not Continue reading

Eyewitness Nightmare: We’ve Convicted Countless on Evidence that is Unreliable 25% of the Time

A fundamental principal in American criminal justice is that one is innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. But in the past two decades, DNA-proven wrongful convictions have revealed that we’ve routinely met the standard of “beyond a reasonable doubt” with evidence that is quantifiably incorrect one-fourth of the time.

A 25 percent error rate in school has historically earned the very lackluster grade of D. A 25 percent margin of error would shutter any hospital and ground any airline. But, in the criminal justice system, most Americans, blinded by trust in the system and a popular allegiance to “tough on crime” policies, have yet to Continue reading

The Exonerated Sound Wakeup Call on Abuse of Solitary Confinement

Clarence Elkins spent six and a half years in prison for a crime he didn’t commit, but the worst of it was the last three months leading up to the day he was exonerated and released. Because the true perpetrator of the crime that had stolen Elkins’s freedom was in the same prison, Elkins was placed in solitary confinement for his own protection. Solitary is sometimes used as a means of separating inmates. Even though Elkins had done nothing to deserve it, he was treated like any other person in solitary. It was a nightmare. Last week Elkins and five other exonerees reported their solitary confinement experiences in a written report to the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Human Rights.

I feel certain that the short but powerful report, here, would appall the vast majority of Americans.

Samplings from the report: “No blanket, no underwear, or pillow…no bed mat. Continue reading

Advocacy of State’s Conference of District Attorneys: A Disservice to North Carolina, Justice

North Carolina has added a new restriction to its compensation law for those wrongfully convicted: Those who plead guilty are no longer eligible. Denying compensation to those who “contributed” to their conviction by entering a guilty plea has been a common argument from those who seek to minimize the state’s responsibility in miscarriages of justice or deny compensation to those who have had years of their lives stolen through wrongful conviction. But, it’s an argument that should no longer have credibility.  Continue reading

New Study: Significant Risk of Wrongful Conviction in Plea Bargaining

The nation has been enthralled by the story of Brian Banks. A former blue-chip high school football athlete, Banks served five years in prison after a rape conviction, wore an ankle location bracelet, and was labeled a sex offender for five more years, before his victim admitted the rape never happened. When NFL teams lined up to give him a second chance, the nation reveled in the comeback story but also faced troublesome questions. Why would an innocent person take a plea deal that would send him to prison and  label him a sexual offender? How often does this happen? A new study suggests many are vulnerable to taking a deal even when innocent.

Lucien E. Dervan and Vanessa Edkins report here that over half of the participants in a research study were willing to falsely admit guilt in exchange for Continue reading

After Exoneration: Multiple Challenges, Harsh Welcome

Wrongfully convicted persons are often provided less assistance in exiting prison than guilty convicts departing after completing their sentence. When Michael Williams left a Louisiana prison after serving 24 years for a rape he didn’t commit, he was given ten dollars and a bus ticket. But that was just the beginning of his problems. Many exonerees quickly discover a new, challenging, Continue reading

7th Circuit Court of Appeals Says Officials Not Immune

The federal 7th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled last week that police officers and prosecutors are not immune from being sued for alleged constitutional violations. Herb Whitlock and Gordon “Randy” Steidl spent 21 and 17 years respectively in prison before key witnesses recanted, important evidence was deemed unreliable, and they were released. According to the Chicago Tribune here, the ruling will permit Whitlock and Steidl to sue for what Steidl alleged was a “17-year conspiracy Continue reading

Effort to Increase Compensation to Exonerees in Louisiana Falls Short

Henry James, 50, was released from a Louisiana prison last year after serving 30 years for a rape DNA proved he didn’t commit. If he successfully navigates the state’s compensation process, he’ll receive $8,333 compensation for each year of wrongful incarceration. As reported here, State Representative Herbert Dixon (D) had sought to increase the state’s compensation from the current cap of $250,000 to $500,000, but the effort has failed for a second time.

Exonerees in the state are paid in installments of up to $25,000 per year but first must file petitions for a judge’s eligibility order, then present the order to the Continue reading

Brian Banks’s Redemption Offers Hope for Justice

Brian Banks lived one of life’s worst nightmares. Now he’s tasting his biggest dream. Recently, he’s been contacted by the Washington Redskins, the Kansas City Chiefs, and the Miami Dolphins. Banks spent five years in prison for a rape he didn’t commit and five more labeled a rapist. Now these teams want to see what he’s got. The 2002 blue chipper is getting a second chance.

Banks’s rape and kidnapping convictions were overturned by a California judge last week after the key witness and victim recanted. She admitted in a taped interview that the crimes never happened. His life changed dramatically as the truth was revealed.

Many say you can’t come back to NFL skills after 10 years. As Rick Reilly of ESPN Continue reading

Innocence Project, NY Bar, Rally Today for Law to Prevent Wrongful Conviction

The Innocence Project and the NY State Bar Association are rallying in Albany, NY, today to urge lawmakers to pass legislation requiring best procedural practices to reduce eyewitness misidentification and false confessions. Laws requiring or recommending best practices are in place in New Jersey, Connecticut, Texas, North Carolina, and Ohio, but have met resistance and failed to pass in New York and other states.

The Innocence Project is expected to release data showing that no police departments in NY have reported following recommended identification procedures. These reforms are frequently said to be “cost neutral” when compared to existing procedures. However, they arguably save and protect taxpayers, since the human and financial cost of convicting the innocent and permitting the guilty to continue lives of crime are enormous.

More on this here, here, and here.

“Texas Monthly” Explores Official Misconduct in Discussion on Wrongful Conviction

A candid discussion in the June issue of Texas Monthly on the subject of wrongful conviction here  engaged  key players in Texas criminal justice, and included an exploration of options available to reduce government misconduct, a troubling contributor to many wrongful convictions. Of special note, these came  from those within the system who are troubled by colleagues who have not followed the rules or the ethical spirit of the law.

Kelly Siegler, a special prosecutor who lives in Houston said, “…introduce a law that says when a prosecutor commits a crime like tampering with evidence, tampering with a witness, or official oppression…there is no statute of limitations.”

Art Acevedo, Chief of the Austin Police Department since 2007, agreed. “The statute should start running on the day that we discover that misconduct. People should know that they’ll have to look over their shoulders for the rest of their lives.”

“It drives me nuts that I have 180 days [from the time of misconduct to discipline a police officer],” he added. “That’s all I have. One hundred and eighty days. That’s nothing. There should not be a statute of limitations when it comes to violating the public trust. And cops will hate me for saying that. Prosecutors will hate me for saying that. But in a democracy, if our criminal justice system doesn’t work, we are in deep trouble. And it starts with those consequences.”

While support for immunity for prosecutors from frivolous lawsuits remains,  prosecutors and police are joining ranks with those who believe governmental immunity is never absolute in the face of intentional misconduct.

The evolution in opinion on government misconduct in Texas comes in the wake of the state’s high number of exonerations and could be a precursor for similar thinking in other states.

Precedent-setting Ruling: Texas Supreme Court Orders Compensation in Non-DNA Case

Billy Frederick Allen spent 26 years in prison for murder before his conviction was overturned, but not with gold-standard DNA proof of his innocence.  Two Texas courts had agreed his conviction shouldn’t stand. A Texas Court of Appeals reversed  it based on ineffective counsel. A lower court had ruled that the evidence against him was insufficient for a reasonable jury to convict him. But the state’s Comptroller had resisted paying compensation saying that Allen had not proven his innocence. On Friday, in a precedent-setting unanimous decision, the Continue reading